Trans Atlantic Slave Trade History History Essay

Trans Atlantic Slave Trade History Essay The Royal African Company of London was started by King Charles II in his desire to grow the slave exchange of England. Lord Charles II and the duke of York put their own assets into the organization to set up it. At first it was known as the Company of Royal Adventurers Trading to Africa organization and was just associated with gold exchanging and was made by the Stuart family and London vendors once the previous retook the English seat in the English Restoration of 1660.The organization was conceded a restraining infrastructure over the English slave exchange by a contract gave in 1660 and was given the command to catch any English adversary transport moving slaves. The organization later fallen since it couldn't satisfy the due enormous needs of slaves in England among different issues (Miers 45). Britain initially engaged in slave exchange the sixteenth century; a move spearheaded by John Hawkins an English man whose business was to oust Africans from the west shoreline of Africa toward the West Indies (Walter 72). From the start, exchanging straightforwardly with other European nations was basic in Virginia, however the Navigation Act of 1660 finished such relations and just English-possessed boats could enter pilgrim ports. It was as of now that the Royal African Company was shaped to flexibly Virginia grower with work since England had acknowledged there was a great deal of riches in the exchange. The Royal African Company exchanged for the most part for gold and slaves and most of whom were sent to English provinces in the Americas. Its base camp was Cape Coast Castle, cutting edge Ghana; it likewise kept up numerous fortifications and manufacturing plants in different areas, for example, Sierra Leone, the Slave Coast, the River Gambia, and extra zones on the Gold Coast W eeden 63). The Royal African Company lost its syndication in 1698, in spite of the fact that it kept on taking part in the slave exchange until 1731. It was supplanted by the Company of Merchants Trading to Africa in 1752. During the 1680s it was shipping around 5,000 slaves for every year. Many were marked with the letters DY, after its boss, the Duke of York, who succeeded his sibling on the seat in 1685, turning out to be James II (Blackburn 212). Different slaves were marked with the companys initials, RAC, on their chests and its benefits made a significant commitment to the expansion in the money related influence of the individuals who controlled London The British extraordinarily profited by this rewarding endeavor and roughly 1.5 million ,individuals were oppressed by the them, London was the greatest exchanging focus due to its vehicle joins gave by waterway Thames and the London docks (Alpers, Campbell Salman 256). England as a nation tremendously profited by the exchange since slaves were traded for cutlery and, military supplies, which they would then trade in West Indies to get crude materials for their ventures and the items sold at gigantic benefits. As indicated by Bryan (106), There can be little uncertainty that such an arrangement of exchange significantly supported the advancement of Britains business and assembling. In any case, there were various lines of slave exchange, for example, the Pacific and the Atlantic; England was generally associated with the Atlantic slave exchange. The slave exchange was otherwise called the Trans-Atlantic slave exchange; it was the greatest and it predominantly managed Africans. It kept going from the sixteenth century to the nineteenth when slave exchange was nullified (Carlos 330). The exchange included numerous nations like the Portuguese, Brazilians, the British, the French, the Spanish, the Dutch, and the North Americans. The slaves were for the most part from west and focal Africa who were caught during exchange at the coast while others were hijacked from their homes or assaulted at their homes. They were offered to North and South American dealers to work in their sugar, espresso, cocoa, cotton, and rice ranches while others worked in the gold mines and silver mines (Drescher 77). Curlin (169) takes note of that in excess of 12 million Africans were oppressed under this exchange which is alluded to as maafa by Africans (truly implied incredible fiasco), and the exchange included four landmasses, four centuries and a great many individuals. The main recorded appearance of Africans to Virginia the primary spot where slaves were extradited was in 1619, when a Dutch exchanging vessel docked in Hampton. There were 20 Africans who were exchanged to the English as truly necessary laborers to develop tobacco, the new money harvest of Virginia (Engerman 79). The organization of subjugation gradually crawled into Virginia enactment and by 1660 it was completely settled in Virginia, since tobacco was very work escalated, and an ever increasing number of laborers were required and furthermore the offer of Africans to Virginia grower vowed to be a gainful undertaking which truly prospered (Brown 51). In any case, Kwaku (4) expresses that bondage can be followed back to Africa itself, where Africans rehearsed servitude and was a piece of their customs. Africans offered captives to Arabs before the appearance of the European who took the exchange to a more elevated level. The Atlantic exchange occurred in two frameworks: the first and the second Atlantic frameworks. The principal framework included offer of captives to South America states of the Portuguese and the Spanish domains. It just represented a little level of the Atlantic exchange about 3%. Afterward, Portugal was assaulted by the Dutch and the British in this manner debilitating the exchange (Martin 98). The subsequent framework included subjugation of Africans to work in the Caribbean settlements of Brazil and North America. The slave exchange was triangular; the beginning stage was Europe merchandise were shipped from Europe to Africa they were given to African pioneers, rulers and vendors in return of slaves, this pro ducts included firearms, medication, ammo and other processing plant made merchandise. The slaves were then shipped to America through the Atlantic and the last part was returning of merchandise from America to Europe for assembling these products were sugar, tobacco ,espresso, rum and moll evaluate. Anyway Brazil the principle shipper of slaves at that point made the merchandise in South America and exchanged legitimately with the Africans (Maugham 56). The exchange was energized by numerous reasons however lack of work was the fundamental one. This was because of disclosure of the new world consequently there was a ton of modest land accessible and the proprietors unquestionably needed specialists on the grounds that the measure of work was a lot as they rehearsed escalated planting, reaping and preparing (Eltis 98). The exchange likewise created as a result of the eagerness of Africans to sell individual Africans for products from Europe. Those indicted additionally for wrong doing in Africa were offered to subjection as discipline since there were no penitentiaries. Inikori (45) contends that fighting in Africa was likewise a significant patron of the slave exchange, there were numerous wars occurring around then, for instance the Congo common war Oyo and Asante realms emergency. Patterson (10) and Clarke (75) note that despite the fact that Africans rehearsed servitude themselves, it was altogether different from that of the new world. Though in Africa slaves youngsters were not oppressed, in America they were subjugated during childbirth. In Africa they were dealt with well and in certain networks they were considered as received and had the authorization to wed, in as opposed to America where they were not permitted to wed, they were savagely nibbled and even marked to show possession in spite of the fact that they were not utilized for penances like it occurred in Africa. Nations included effectively or latently in the exchange were: Senegal Denanke Kingdom, Kingdom of Fouta, Jolof Empire, and Kingdom of Khasso, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone Ghana, Asante Confederacy and Mankessim of Nigeria, Benin Kingdom of Dahomey, and the Republic of Congo (Cheeves 102). About 1.2 2.4 million Africans kicked the bucket during the center section and others passed on not long after their appearance. The quantity of individuals who kicked the bucket during the catch and seizing of the Africans is innumerable however it stayed higher than those really subjugated. A large portion of the slaves sold were detainees from African clashes which the European energized for their potential benefit, this exchange prompted the prompted the demolition of people and societies (Cooper, Holt Scott 120; David 84). The second piece of the slave exchange triangle was the most significant is known as the center entry of African individuals from Africa to the new world (Reynold 85). Boats withdrew to Africa with product to exchange Africa for slaves, business occurred at the coast since the Europeans dreaded to get into the inside as a result of tropical ailments. Journeys were sorted out by organizations or gatherings of traders and not people since they thought about it as a significant venture opportunity. A great many Africans were detained, oppressed, and expelled from their networks, 15% of those caught passed on adrift during transportation that is around 2 million, and those that kicked the bucket because of servitude in America were in excess of 4 million African passings (Roberts 92; Robin Law, British Academy, Royal African Company 106). In the eighteenth century around 6 million slaves were oppressed and Britain represented 2.5millon of them being the biggest shipper at that point. The term of the transoceanic journey shifted relying upon the climate many took a half year; despite the fact that as hundreds of years passed by the more the shippers took less time since they were getting experienced and a journey would even take a month and a half (Williams 56; Cateau Harrington 96). Slave sends as a rule would have a few several slaves and around thirty team individuals. Men were anchored together two by two right leg to the following keeps an eye on left leg so as to spare space, while ladies and kids had some little space to themselves. The slaves in travel were taken care of once per day on beans, corn, sweet potatoes, rice or palm oil. Some slave holders would let their prisoners move around the boat daytime yet most didn't, they tied them all through the exhausting excursion (Willis Miers 480). Malady and starvation were the primary driver of death and amoebic loose bowels and scurvy reason

Rhetorical Analysis Example - What to Include in a Rhetorical Analysis Case Study

Rhetorical Analysis Example - What to Include in a Rhetorical Analysis Case StudyThe difference between a good rhetorical analysis and a bad one is the following: The first analysis is known as a non-analysis, the second is an analysis. Thus, it means that a rhetorical analysis case study needs to follow a pattern. Here are some tips on what that pattern should include:The analysis has to start with a general statement which will have a particular conclusion. The conclusion can be established by using modifiers, or by using a descriptive statement.Conclusions can be based on comparative statements, comparisons of forms, or even on distinctions. A thesis can be established or more precisely, it can be developed and then supported. The difference is that a thesis is based on a claim and does not need to have a concrete solution.Thus, it is important to learn to communicate the conclusion in the example in such a way that the conclusion can be supported. Some people may prefer a certain generalization. Of course, we should always seek to support the conclusions that we develop in a rhetorical analysis case study.Another thing that the example should contain is a discussion of the rhetorical analysis that led to the conclusion. This could be a particular argument or even a distinction. So that the conclusion can be understood better and the analysis strengthened, the analysis should contain at least one of these points.Moreover, the case study must not be general. People who have used the same approach and technique to analyze arguments before will generally not see any change in the approach they are going to use. That is why it is important that you know the difference between a general and a specific analysis.Thus, it is important to make sure that your analysis case study is unique. By doing this, you can improve your persuasive power and the results you achieve.Finally, the analysis case study should be easy to understand. Therefore, it should be presented in a clear and unambiguous manner that should not change the fact that the analysis is being explained.

We Are Made of Star Stuff

We are â€Å"star stuff†. Talk about in detail our associations with the stars as set up by present day cosmology. Current cosmology has permitted us to see how the universe capacities and furthermore gives the responses to a portion of the central issues. Questions like the root of the universe and inception of life itself. It discloses to us that stars are the astronomical heaters where all most all the structure squares of life and planets were integrated. Lighter, fundamental and inexhaustible components like hydrogen and helium were shaped during the Big Bang.During Big Bang, space extension cooled the early vitality commanded universe and a great deal of vitality changed into issue. These essential components were then ready to make the early stars and furthermore the stars of today. Within these stars lighter components melded to discharge huge amounts of vitality and during the time spent doing that changed over hydrogen and helium into heavier basic particles. Such co mponents would be stored in the center of the star and are regurgitated into encompassing interstellar space when the star kicks the bucket a hazardous death.These recently combined substantial components are basic for life to start and advance. 1 Hydrogen, helium and a tad of lithium were made in the Big Bang. Hydrogen, the most bounteous component represented around 75% of the issue, trailed by helium at 25%. 2 Large amount of these early stage gas framed mists and such mists were then consolidated by nearby gravity to shape the absolute first stars that lit up the dull skies of early universe. 3 As the infant stars contracted, temperature in the center rose to outrageous level activating atomic combination/hydrogen fusion.Nuclear combination is a procedure wherein at least two iotas breaker to orchestrate heavier particle and this procedure of melding discharges huge amounts of vitality. 4 All the fixings/components expected to make the earth and all living things on earth were m ade in the centers of stars. 5 These fixings are then discharged out of the center of star into the encompassing when the mammoth star kicks the bucket an unstable demise known as the supernovae. This marvel happens just to stars that are exceptionally enormous. Components of up to iron can be made in a star and heavier than iron components are delivered in the supernovae. In any event six of these fundamental components create life on earth and they are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorous. 8 Almost all living things on earth are carbon based. This applies to the littlest living creatures (with special case of the new Inner center of a star7 disclosure of arsenic based microbes) to the greatest †the blue whale and all the living plants. They all have a similar essential structure hinders in their DNA. 9 Those structure squares are the basic elements.All of the rough and metallic materials that made up our planet, the iron that runs in our blood, the calci um in our teeth and bones10, oxygen particles that structure water subsequent to consolidating with hydrogen, and, nitrogen and oxygen iotas that make up the greater part of the air of earth are generally results of stars billions of years prior. 11 As you can find in the image most importantly of the heavier components (above H and He) and including helium are made by the stars. The components appeared on the cross-segment of the image structure heavier components, they make up all the components we found up until now; the components on the intermittent table.Stars start its life for the most part made out of hydrogen and helium. The breakdown of hydrogen and helium in our sun is 70% and twenty eight when it began its life. 12 The structure of heavier components starts with hydrogen. Hydrogen is set aside four at an effort to shape a solitary iota of helium. This procedure continues for 90% of a stars’ life. At the point when a star comes up short on hydrogen, it begins meld ing helium iotas to remain alive (creating vitality to battle its own tremendous gravity from making itself breakdown). Three particles of helium are combined during the time spent atomic combination to frame an iota of carbon.As the way toward intertwining moves to next heavier iotas the term of combination procedure of more up to date molecule turns into significantly shorter on the grounds that for melding iotas higher than hydrogen the quantity of accessible iotas for combining is far less than the number particles accessible when the star was melding hydrogen for instance. Next is oxygen. Adding one more helium to the carbon makes oxygen. Nitrogen is likewise made in the stars. 12 Without oxygen life as we probably am aware can't endure. This procedure goes onto making silicon and iron. Atomic combination stops at iron since temperatures in star don’t arrive at sufficiently high to meld iron.So how do the components heavier than iron structure? The response to this inqui ry lies in the size of the star. Just huge stars (a lot greater that our sun) are fit for creating a supernovae. Just such a calamitous blast can break the limit set by iron and produce heavier particles to fill the remainder of the intermittent table of components. From the tidies and particles extra of dead stars joined together to frame space rocks and comets. Space rocks clustered together can shape planet center. So life on earth fundamentally started with the fundamental material that was available.These material/enormous atoms basic for the development of living cells are proteins, starches (sugar), fats, and nucleic acids. It’s been discovered that shooting stars contains basic stuff like amino acids (proteins made of amino corrosive), sugars, unsaturated fats (building square of fats), and bases for nucleic acids. For example, the Murchison shooting star that slammed in Australia in 1969 is found to contain chains of unsaturated fats, various sorts of sugars, every o ne of the five nucleic corrosive bases, and in excess of 70 sorts of amino acids (living things utilize just 20 amino acids). 3 â€Å"We are star stuff â€Å"in the exceptional expressions of Dr. Carl Sagan. The particles that made up our bodies are made in the innards of stars that kicked the bucket numerous ages prior. The planet we live on is made up materials like iron, silicon and carbon, and so forth are completely fashioned in the nature’s most stupendous manufacturing plant we know as stars. The air we inhale to remain alive is a result of stars. Stars likewise support life. The sun beam helps plants with photosynthesis; causes them separate carbon dioxide into natural mixes (sugars). Plants are a significant wellspring of nourishment for people and other creatures.Over the previous not many hundreds of years (predominantly 1900-2000) space science has made many educational disclosures; about the inception of the entire universe, our destiny, and that we human are n ot the focal point of the universe. It empowers quietude in us and improves us comprehend our associations the universe. References 1. Carl Sagan (No Date). Universe We are Star Stuff Available: http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=0UR2L_4ic6Y&feature=related 2. Lawrence Krauss (3-27-2009). Life, the Universe and Nothing address Available: http://www. youtube. com/watch? =rdvWrI_oQjY [2011-04-04] video start at 51:11-52:16minutes 3. Dr. Tony Phillips (7-18-2000). X-beam Star Stuff [online] Available: http://science. nasa. gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2000/ast18jul_1m/[2011-04-04] 4. Wikipedia-Nuclear Fusion (no date). [online] Available: http://en. wikipedia. organization/wiki/Nuclear_fusion [2011-04-04] 5. Sam Neill (moderator) (no date). Space with Sam Neill Available: http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=0zU1F6liZKo [2011-04-04] 6. =3 7. Mike S (12-7-2010). Science and Religion #8: We are totally made of stars online] Available: http://www. wheatandtares. organization/2010/12/0 7/science-religion-8-we-are-all-made-of-stars/[2011-04-04] 8. Jason Palmer (12-2-2010). Arsenic-adoring microbes may help in chase for outsider life [online] Available: http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/science-condition 11886943 [2011-04-04] 9. Dan Solomon (12-2-2010). NASA Announces Arsenic Based Life Forms-But Are They Going To Kill Us? [online] Available: http://www. haven. com/2010/12/02/nasa-declaration outsiders arsenic/[2011-04-04] 10. Korintherne (7-7-2006).Reasons and Facts: Cosmic Connection [online] Available: http://curezone. com/websites/fm. asp? i=982845 [2011-04-04] 11. Dayanara (MA) (No Date). We are star stuff†¦ [online] Available: http://www. free-every day inspirational personal growth. com/we-are-star-stuff. html [2011-04-04] 12. Neil Tyson (moderator) (No Date). Components: Forged in Stars Available: http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=uKqvjEE0wFg [2011-04-04] 13. Leslie Mullen (9-5-2005). Building Life from Star-Stuff [online] Available: http://www. astrobio. ne t/restrictive/1702/building-life-from-star-stuff [2011

The Most Important Public Health Challenge - 1375 Words

The Most Important Public Health Challenge (Research Paper Sample) Content: Title: The Most Important Public Health ChallengeName:School Affiliation: The Most Important Public Health Challenge IntroductionPublic health is the branch of science that deals with disease prevention, promotion of health living and the prolonging of life. Practitioners in this field achieve this feat by bringing on board stakeholders that include private and public organizations, communities and individuals. Public health concerns itself with tackling threats facing the health of its various stakeholders. The main objective of public health intervention is to better the health of individuals through treating and preventing diseases and other health related conditions (Turnock, 2012). This paper will address the most pressing public health challenge and move to an intervention system that can be used to tackle the challenge.Obesity is one of the greatest challenges that the public health continues to contend with in this modern times. This challenge has imparted neg ative health consequences and high costs to the society as a whole. Obesity is a health condition whose main feature is the accumulation of excess body fat in a patients body. This condition comes about from the sustenance of adiposity which occurs when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. A person is considered obese when his BMI exceeds 29.9 kg/m2. BMI has been used as an important measure for obesity and has helped in informing public health interventions to deal with this challenge (Kopelman et al, 2010). The Burden of ObesityThe world has witnessed a steady increase in the prevalence of obesity in the world. In the UK, the prevalence of obesity has proceeded at doubling rate annually and it is estimated that by the year 2025, the country will have a prevalence rate of 40% among its adult population. Reports from North America and the other developing countries reveal the same trend (Stern, Kazaks, 2009). This trend presents a significant public health concern particularl y in the developing world because it doubles the incidence of communicable and non-communicable diseases, a situation that is most likely to overwhelm the poverty struck health services in the developing countries.There are many negative mental, social and physical conditions associated with obesity. For instance, obesity is associated with metabolic abnormalities and diseases such as insulin resistance, coronary heart diseases, stroke, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension. Persons suffering from obesity are more prone to these health issues than the non-obese persons (Crawford, 2010). Additionally, obesity places a huge burden on an individuals health, the general health of the society and the economy of the country. For instance, in the UK alone, obesity accounted for 7% morbidity, 30, 000 deaths and an annual cost of over 3.5 billion GBP. If the present rate persists, then it is estimated that obesity-related expenses will hit the 10 billion GBP mark by the year 2025 (Lopez DCPP, 20 06). This statistics show that obesity not only impacts the health of individuals but goes further to impart socio-economic implications at the population and individual levels.Obesity and its related diseases have been found to be more prevalent among persons who are economically challenged. Persons with low income tend to consume more of saturated fats, red meat, and sugars. This group of people also lacks access to sport and fitness facilities from where they can exercise and burn off excess calories (Kelly,2006). The cost consequences emanating from poor food habits and lifestyle are quiet huge. An estimated 6% of the worlds health related cost is attributed to obesity in adults. Additionally, there are a number of indirect costs associated with obesity. Among these costs we have costs due to loss of productivity, loss of lives, and absenteeism among a host of other costs. Furthermore, social costs, which include discrimination at work and underachievement in school also, need t o be factored in the calculation of costs incurred by people who are obese.Public Health Intervention to Combat ObesityThe interventions meant to deal with the challenge of obesity is often fashioned from or informed by the ten essential services of public health. A logic model is formally defined as a graphical depiction which explains why the intervention chosen is best suited to tackle the challenge at hand. This model ensures that all participants in the intervention are on board and that they are moving in the same direction. For the purpose of this paper, we shall use the ten essential public health services as our logic model. It is however worth noting at this juncture that the ten essential public health services model differs markedly from other logic models. This is so particularly because there is no specific outcome that results from the application of all the ten services. The Ten Essential Services provide a supportive framework for dealing with the challenge of obesi ty. This model acts as a guide for public health professionals and also ensures that their practices are harmonized. The Essential services are designed in such a way that they respond to the core functions of public health which includes assessment, development of policy, and assurance. The Ten Essential Services of Public Health emanated from the need to have a more comprehensive approach to the challenges bedeviling the public. The Ten Essential services are discussed hereunder with a bias on their intervention to deal with the challenge of obesity.Essential Service #1: Monitoring of the Publics health status to identify their health problemsThis service is provided through surveillance and encompasses public health activities that include the identification of threats to public health. This service allows the practitioners in the field to identify risk factors that might lead to obesity. Early discovery of these factors goes a long way towards ensuring that the challenge is prev ented as far as it is possible (Hunting, Gleason, 2012).Essential service #2: Diagnosis and investigation of health problems bedeviling the communityThis service includes epidemiological identification of new health threats and technical capacity building for the identification of disease outbreaks and patterns of chronic disease. This service is instrumental in identifying the epidemiological patterns of obesity. The data gathered can then be used in policy formulation to deal with the disease.Essential Service #3: Inform, empower and educate the public concerning health issues.Public health practitioners and other community leaders can provide this service to the public. While performing this service, the practitioners can educate the public on the dangers of unhealthy eating habits and lack of exercise (Hunting, Gleason, 2012). They can also pass information on the dangers that accompany obesity.Essential Service #4: Mobilization of Community partnerships to identify and solve heath problemsThis is an important service as it brings on board all stakeholders to the process of tackling obesity. This service ensures that there are many persons undertaking the process of dealing with the public health challenge.Essential Service #5 Development of policies and plans which support other health effortsPolicies and plans are the guiding principles that assist the medical practitioners to accomp...

Maslow s Theory Of The Hierarchy Of Needs - 925 Words

Abraham Maslow’s theory of the hierarchy of needs is an arrangement of the innate needs that motivate behavior, from the strongest needs at the bottom to the weakest needs at the top. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs has five levels. The bottom level is Psychological in which you worry about getting enough food, sex, sleep,homeostasis, breathing, water, and excretion. The second bottom level is Safety in which you mostly need safety of house, employment, body, morality, family, health, resources, and property. The middle level is love/belonging in which you need friendship, family, and sexual intimacy. The second top level is esteem in which you need self-esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, and respect by others. The top most level is self actualization in which you need morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, and acceptance of facts. Self-actualization is the fullest realization of a person’s potential. As you move up in the hierarchy, the needs become more human and less basic. This paper is about the movie, Gran Torino, an American fiction movie that was released in the year 2008. The movie starts off with Mr. Walt Kowalski who just lost his wife and is a Korean War veteran who s also detached from his childrens. He lived in Michigan neighborhood in Detroit where he is surrounded by poor Asian Immigrant families and it’s a commonplace for gang violence. He becomes an altruistic person since he died for a boy who he cared a lotShow MoreRelatedMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Theory Essay1464 Words   |  6 PagesAbraham Maslow Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory has made a major impact in education and within classroom management within our schools. Maslow takes on a holistic approach to education and learning. He looks at the entire physical, emotional, social, and intellectual qualities of an individual and how they impact on learning. 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According to Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory, human beings require five levels of needs which are lowest to highest: Physiological, Safety and Security, Love (social), Esteem, and Self-Actualization Needs (Robbins Judge, 2015). The upper needs are most often ignored or less significant until the lower needs are fulfille dRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Theory953 Words   |  4 Pagespsychology need of the employee. Kinicki and Fugate (2012) introduces Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory as being originally based on research conducted on phobic individuals. PBS (n.d.) defines Maslow’s work as that which is contradictory to those before his, and is determined to understand a human’s positive mental state. Maslow argued that the human psyche is tiered, not unlike a step ladder and the completion of one step preambles another. 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He first started with a holistic approach. He explained that human needs should be studied in groups. People are dependent on those around them, which implies that people drive each other’s behaviors and needs. Second, he studiedRead MoreThe Theory And Maslow s Need Hierarchy Theory1445 Words   |  6 Pagesof my paper will relate the Glass Ceiling concept to two theories – the Equity Theory and Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory. The Equity Theory The Equity Theory can be defined as â€Å"a model of motivation that explains how people strive for fairness and justice in social exchanges or give-and-take relationships† (Kinicki Fugate, 2016, p. 156). In an article written by Al-Zawahreh Al-Madi (2012), a noteworthy factor about the Equity Theory is that, â€Å"The fairness of exchange between employees and

How Shakespeare And Rossetti Engage With The Sonnet

This essay will address how Shakespeare and Rossetti engage with the sonnet form, through Rossetti’s â€Å"A Sonnet† and Shakespeare’s â€Å"Sonnet 52†. Both poets arguably subvert the traditional Petrarchan sonnet genre, though in different ways. Rossetti’s ‘A Sonnet’ explores the sonnet as an art form rather than as a means of currency, as sonnets were seen to be at the time, and how if treated as a commodity, the value of a sonnet is diminished. Similarly, Shakespeare’s ‘Sonnet 52’ explores the connection between frequency and worth. However, ‘Sonnet 52’ adheres more closely to traditional sonnet form, as the prevalent theme is romance, and the idealisation of the â€Å"fair youth†. In contrast to Shakespeare’s adherence to the traditional romantic focus of sonnets, Rossetti subverts the genre by using â€Å"The Sonnet† as a metatextual device to explore his ideas around the form of a sonnet itself. Rossetti’s â€Å"The Sonnet† is written in traditional iambic pentameter and employs the structure of a Petrarchan sonnet. However, â€Å"The Sonnet† differs from conventions of the genre, as it is arguably a commentary on the commodification of poetry in the late 19th century. As a predecessor to the Aesthetic movement, Rossetti valued sonnets as ‘art for art’s sake’; the belief that art must separate itself from serving a didactic or moral purpose in order to be considered culturally valuable, rather than as a means of generating profit- as sonnets were considered at the time. Challenging theShow MoreRelatedLiterature Marking Scheme9477 Words   |  38 Pages...... 2 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Why choose Cambridge? Why choose Cambridge IGCSE? Why choose Cambridge IGCSE Literature (English)? Cambridge International Certificate of Education (ICE) Schools in England, Wales and Northern Ireland How can I find out more? 2. Assessment at a glance .................................................................................................. 5 Cambridge IGCSE Literature (English) Syllabus code 0486 Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2

Huck Finn The Twisting Tides Of Portrayal Racis Essay Example For Students

Huck Finn: The Twisting Tides Of Portrayal Racis Essay mIn recent years, there has been increasing discussion of the seemingly racist ideas expressed by Mark Twain in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. In some cases, the novel has been banned by public school systems and even censored by public libraries. Along with the excessive use of the word, nigger, the basis for this blatant censorship has been the portrayal of one of the main characters in Huck Finn, Jim, a black slave who runs away from his owner, Miss Watson. At several points in the novel, Jims character is described to the reader, and some people have looked upon the presented characterization as racist. However, before one begins to censor a novel it important to distinguish the ideas of the author from the ideas of his characters. It is also important to read carefully to sufficiently capture the underlying themes of a novel. If one were to do this in relation to Huck Finn, one would, without a doubt, realize that it is not racist and is, in fact, anti-slavery. On an superf icial level The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn might appear to be racist. The first time we meet Jim he is given a very negative description. The reader is told that Jim is illiterate, childlike, not very bright, and extremely superstitious. However, it is important not to lose sight of who is giving this description and who it is being given to. Although Huck is not a racist child, he has been raised by extremely racist individuals who have, even if only subconsciously, planted some feelings of superiority into the roots of his mind. It is also important to remember that this description, although quite saddening, is probably accurate. Jim and the millions of other slaves in the South were not given or allowed any formal education, were never allowed any independent thought and were constantly maltreated and abused. Twain is merely portraying a very realistic slave in the South during that time period. To say that Twain is racist because of his desire for historical accuracy is abs urd. He simple strives to show a true representation of societys view of slaves. Despite the few incidences of which Jims description might be misconstrued as racist, there are many points in the novel where through Huck, Twain voices his extreme opposition to the slave trade and racism. In chapter six, Hucks father fervently objects to the governments granting of voting rights to an educated black professor. Twain wants the reader to see the absurdity in this statement. Hucks father believes that he is superior to this black professor simply because of the color of his skin. In chapter 15, the reader is told of an incident which contradicts the original childlike description of Jim. The reader is presented with a very caring and father-like Jim who becomes very worried when he loses his best friend Huck in a deep fog. Twain is pointing out the connection between Huck and Jim. A connection which does not exist between a man and his property. When Huck first meets Jim on the Island he makes a monumental decision whether to turn Jim in or not. He is confronted by two often opposing forces: the force of society and the force of friendship. Huck, although he tries, he is never able to see a reason why this man who has become one of his only friends, should be a slave. By way of this internal struggle, Twain expresses his opinions of the absurdity of slavery and the importance of following ones personal conscience before the laws of society. By the end of the novel, Huck and the reader have come to understand that Jim is not someones property and an inferior man, but an equal. Throughout the novel societys voice is heard through Huck. The racist and hateful contempt which existed at the time is easily apparent in the book. But, it is vital for the reader to recognize these ideas as societys and to recognize that Twain disputes these ideas. Twain brings out into the open the ugliness of society and causes the reader to challenge the original description of Jim. In his subtle manner, he creates not an apology for slavery but a challenge to it. Tw ains opposition to slavery nudges America to think about the cruelty and lack of humanity dwelling in the cold institution of slavery. .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb , .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb .postImageUrl , .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb , .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb:hover , .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb:visited , .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb:active { border:0!important; } .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb:active , .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc4d2034829cc30f893eeceda6ed09bbb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: David And Goliath EssayWords/ Pages : 730 / 24